St. Andrew's Bay

St. Andrew’s Bay on South Georgia Island is fed by glaciers descending from the island’s interior highlands. South Georgia’s glaciers are numerous and historically extensive, carving deep fjords and bays such as St. Andrew’s. Many have retreated and lost mass in recent decades, reflecting regional warming in the sub-Antarctic. The glaciers of South Georgia contribute to local fjord dynamics and ecosystems; warming-driven retreat alters freshwater input, sedimentation, and habitat for marine life. Long-term observations show shrinking glacier fronts and thinning.